Where are Emeralds Found?

For more than 500 years, Colombia has been a source for fine emeralds that are used as a standard for emeralds for other origins. There are three main regions in Colombia where emeralds are commonly found, each with a specific color associated with it, though each region also produces a range of colors. 

From Muzo, pure green emeralds of a darker tone; from Chivor, bluish-green emeralds; and from Coscuez, slightly yellowish-green emeralds. Muzo is also known by some as “The Diamond Capital of the World.” Emeralds from Muzo and Chivor are estimated to account for 70%-90% of emeralds in the global market.

Brazil has been a consistent source of emeralds since the 1970s, particularly in Minas Gerais, Bahia, and Goiás. Two well-producing mines there are the Belmont mine and Capoierana mine. The emeralds mined in Brazil are often a lighter green than those found in Colombia. Brazilian emeralds are often valued for their larger sizes and affordability. The term “Brazilian emerald” is sometimes used as a misnomer for green tourmalines.

Zambian emeralds gained popularity starting in 1989 from a marketing campaign by Tiffany & Co. They are known for producing emeralds with bluish-green hues and excellent clarity. Zambia is home to the Kagem Mine, the largest emerald mine in the world.

Other countries known as sources of mined emeralds include Ethiopia, Madagascar, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Russia.